A royal commission into antisemitism in Australia has heard harrowing testimony from Jewish parents describing a daily reality of swastikas, Nazi salutes, and online hate faced by their children in schools. Witnesses told commissioner Virginia Bell that antisemitism has become normalised across Australian society, with Jewish children expressing fear of attending community events following the Bondi massacre in December 2025, when two alleged Islamic State-inspired gunmen shot and killed 15 people at a beachside Hanukah gathering. The commission — established in the wake of that attack — is examining the surge in antisemitic incidents that witnesses linked in part to the conflation of Jewish Australians with the actions of the Israeli government in Gaza.