More than 2.6 million Afghan nationals have left Pakistan since 2023 following a strict repatriation programme enforced by the government in Islamabad (Pakistan's federal capital). The policy has overwhelmed the Afghan border and created an acute humanitarian crisis, with thousands of girls abruptly losing access to schooling as families are uprooted with little warning. The expulsion adds to the severe pressures already facing Afghanistan under Taliban rule, where educational and economic opportunities for women and girls remain severely restricted.