India's main opposition Congress party has sharply criticised the ruling BJP's push to implement a Uniform Civil Code (UCC — a single set of civil laws on marriage, divorce, and inheritance intended to apply equally across all religious communities) across Indian states, calling it a deliberate instrument of social division rather than genuine legal reform. The criticism follows the resignation of retired Bombay High Court judge Justice R.C. Chavan from Maharashtra's UCC drafting committee, citing objections to the panel's decision to limit public input on sensitive social questions to a binary yes-or-no format. Congress leader Jairam Ramesh argued that state-level UCCs, already enacted in Uttarakhand, Gujarat, Assam, and Madhya Pradesh under BJP governments, are constitutionally anomalous and internally inconsistent, and that the Modi government had disregarded its own Law Commission's 2018 finding that a uniform code was 'neither necessary nor desirable.'