The World Health Organization has confirmed at least 120 deaths and over 1,100 suspected cholera cases in Sudan since May, concentrated in isolated conflict zones where healthcare has all but collapsed after more than three years of civil war between the national army and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces. The outbreak, Sudan's third in as many years, is centred on West Kordofan — a frontline state dividing army and RSF-controlled territory — and is already spreading to neighbouring North Kordofan, where nearly 300 additional suspected cases have been reported. With the rainy season approaching, which historically worsens cholera transmission, and the WHO operating on just one-third of its required funding, aid agencies warn the crisis is likely to intensify further.