A wave of successful conservation programs is reversing population declines for some of the world's most threatened species, from wild horses on the Central Asian steppe to big cats in Russia and South Asia. In Mongolia, Przewalski's horses — the world's only truly wild horse species, which had vanished from the wild by the late 1960s — now number over 1,000 in the country alone, following reintroduction efforts at Hustai National Park that began in 1992 and have since expanded to protected areas in China, Kazakhstan, and Spain. Similar progress has been recorded in Nepal, where a nationally coordinated effort tripled the Bengal tiger population between 2010 and 2022, and in Russia's Far East, where camera-trap surveys counted 129 adult Amur leopards in 2024, up from just a few dozen at the turn of the century — gains that researchers attribute to multi-layered strategies combining legal protections, community involvement, and scientific monitoring. Despite these successes, the United Nations' biodiversity body IPBES (the Intergovernmental Science-Policy Platform on Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services) has warned that over one million species remain at risk of extinction, underscoring how much work remains to be done.