Indian authorities are facing international criticism and domestic legal scrutiny over their response to youth-led protests that began over exam irregularities and widened into a broader reform movement. Amnesty International has reported that police deployed pellet guns, tear gas, and electric shock devices against demonstrators in New Delhi and Bihar (an eastern Indian state), contradicting official claims that force was used only after protesters turned violent — findings serious enough that India's Supreme Court has established an investigative panel. The movement, organised in part by the online Cockroach Janta Party (CJP) through its 'Fix the Schools' campaign auditing conditions in government-run schools, has emerged as one of the most significant challenges to Prime Minister Narendra Modi's government since his re-election in 2024, ultimately forcing the resignation of the education minister.