Singapore Airlines (SIA) announced on Friday it will increase flight frequencies to Manchester, Milan, Munich, and London Gatwick, and launch a new service to Madrid via Barcelona starting October 26, citing strong passenger demand across its European network. The Madrid route, operated five times weekly using an Airbus A350-900, will make the Spanish capital SIA's 15th European destination, with tickets going on sale in June. The expansion comes amid heightened uncertainty over jet fuel supplies linked to instability near the Strait of Hormuz, a critical chokepoint for Gulf oil exports, which poses particular supply risks for Asian carriers — though Singapore has also deferred a planned sustainable aviation fuel levy for travellers due to ongoing Middle East tensions.