Tunisia has faced a severe dual crisis this summer, with temperatures approaching 50°C triggering prolonged water and electricity outages that have affected millions of people across the country. State utility STEG (Tunisia's national electricity and gas company) implemented rolling blackouts lasting up to ten hours to ease pressure on the grid, strained by surging air-conditioning demand and the energy needs of SONEDE (the national water distribution company), which relies on electric pumps. The shortages have sparked long overnight queues at supermarkets, widespread black-market water sales, and heavy losses for farmers — particularly poultry producers in the Sfax region, where some operators lost tens of thousands of birds — fuelling growing public anger at the government's response.