The Dutch Senate (the Eerste Kamer, the upper house of the Netherlands' parliament) has voted down the government's asylum emergency measures law while separately approving legislation introducing a two-tier asylum status system. The emergency law, which sought to shorten residence permits, tighten family reunification rules, and criminalise illegal residency, failed after a proposed amendment to exempt humanitarian aid workers from prosecution narrowly fell short of a majority, prompting the CDA and SGP parties to withdraw their support. The newly approved two-status system will distinguish between asylum seekers fleeing persecution based on ethnicity, sexuality, or religion and those escaping generalised violence or natural disasters; meanwhile, coalition parties D66 and CDA have called on Migration Minister Van den Brink to incorporate any remaining national measures into fresh legislation ahead of an EU migration pact taking effect in June.