Argentina is facing renewed scrutiny over racism and its self-image as a "European" nation after three of its citizens were arrested in Brazil on racial-insult charges in 2025. The most recent case involves Eduardo Ignacio Murias, 63, an architect who was detained after secretly filming a Black child on a tourist train in Minas Gerais (a southeastern Brazilian state) and sending the images to a contact with a message saying he was considering taking the boy "as a slave." The incidents have rekindled debate about Argentina's deeply rooted sense of white European identity — enshrined in a constitutional clause promoting European immigration — and its long-standing erasure of African-Argentine and Indigenous communities, who together make up roughly 4% of the population according to official figures that many experts consider underestimates.