Turkey and Kazakhstan have signed a joint economic action plan following high-level talks in Astana (Kazakhstan's capital), with both sides targeting $15 billion in bilateral trade — up from a record $10 billion reached this year. Turkish Vice President Cevdet Yılmaz and Kazakh Prime Minister Olzhas Bektenov agreed on a range of joint industrial projects, including an agricultural processing plant, a logistics hub, a pharmaceutical facility, and an aluminium plant across several Kazakh cities. The agreements come ahead of a planned state visit by President Recep Tayyip Erdoğan on 14 May, with officials also highlighting Kazakhstan's growing strategic role on the Middle Corridor, the overland trade route linking Asia and Europe that has gained importance amid disruptions to northern and southern alternatives.