Satellite imagery has revealed the catastrophic scale of destruction wrought on Sudan's farming sector since civil war erupted in April 2023, with the country's central "breadbasket" states — Gezira, Sennar, and Khartoum — reduced from thriving irrigated farmland to barren, abandoned terrain. The Gezira Scheme (a vast irrigation network spanning nearly one million hectares between the Blue and White Nile rivers that once produced half of Sudan's wheat) saw production collapse by 58 percent after Rapid Support Forces (RSF) paramilitaries seized control in late 2023, systematically looting food warehouses, diverting irrigation canals, and dismantling agricultural infrastructure. A partial recovery has been observed in areas recaptured by the Sudanese Armed Forces in early 2025, though analysts warn that with 25.6 million people — half the population — facing acute food insecurity, the damage to canals, seed supplies, and industrial facilities is so extensive that a full agricultural revival remains far out of reach.