The African Union (a 55-member continental body headquartered in Addis Ababa) is finalising a Common African Position on Climate, Peace and Security — the first framework to address climate change and conflict together at a continental scale. Across Africa, droughts, floods and failed harvests are intensifying competition over land and water, indirectly fuelling tensions between communities and creating conditions that armed groups have exploited in countries including Somalia, Sudan and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Experts are calling on member states to complete the framework by late 2026 and back it with concrete implementation plans, national budget commitments and stronger cross-border early-warning systems, warning that agreement on paper alone will not translate into protection for the millions already affected.