Major car manufacturers including Ford, BMW, Stellantis and Volkswagen have set aside only £803 million of the estimated £3.8 billion they collectively owe under a UK-wide compensation scheme for mis-sold car loans, leaving a shortfall of roughly £3 billion. The Financial Conduct Authority (FCA), Britain's financial regulator, finalised its £9.1 billion redress plan last month, targeting lenders that overcharged drivers through undisclosed commission arrangements between 2007 and 2024, with victims expected to receive an average payout of £830. Unlike the carmakers, high-street banks such as Lloyds, Santander and Barclays — responsible for 57% of the total bill — have already provisioned £3.9 billion of their expected £5.2 billion share, highlighting the comparatively poor preparation of manufacturers for whom lending is a secondary business.