Radar satellite imagery (SAR data, which uses microwave signals to detect structural changes even at night or through cloud cover) has revealed the extent of damage inflicted on Tehran during nearly six weeks of strikes by the United States and Israel against Iran. More than 700 strikes hit the Iranian capital alone, targeting government buildings, oil refineries, military installations, nuclear facilities, and space research centres, with the conflict research organisation ACLED recording over 800 attacks on Tehran province in total. The human toll has been severe: the US-based human rights group HRANA reports more than 3,500 people killed since the outbreak of hostilities, including 1,701 civilians and at least 254 children.