Nearly four million displaced Sudanese have voluntarily returned to their places of origin since the outbreak of war in April 2023, only to find homes, water supplies, health facilities, and electricity networks heavily damaged, the UN's International Organisation for Migration (IOM) reported on Tuesday. The returns are concentrated mainly in Khartoum and Al-Jazirah (an agricultural state southeast of the capital), where the conflict between Sudan's national army and the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces has killed tens of thousands and internally displaced close to 12 million people in total. The IOM warned that the returns will prove unsustainable without urgent investment in essential services and livelihoods, and is seeking $170 million for its 2026 Sudan crisis response — a plan already underfunded by roughly $97 million.